Ideal Transformer

Ideal Transformer

*[Ideal transformers are such transformers that we imagine to be 100% efficient in transforming assuming that none of the current input is wasted in such as heating, etc. Where there is no loss of energy. That means that the voltage input=voltage output. So there is no loss of voltage. But, this is only used for calculations. Such transformers are just imagined transformers. There is no such ideal transformer in practical life. But, physicists imagine this because of the factor for calculation. Hope you got that]

If the efficiency of the transformer is 100%, that transformer is known as ideal transformer.

This equation is applicable for only ideal transformers (hope you got it why there is an ideal transformer in the minds of the physicists).

*[Now let’s solve a problem depending on the equation we just learned]

Problem 1:- A transformer has 100 turns on its primary coil and 500 turns on its secondary coil. If an alternating voltage of 10v is applied in the primary coil, what is the voltage across the secondary coil?

Problem 2:- Input power is 6w. Calculate input and output current.

Problem 3:- Input current across the primary coil is 20A. Power is 250w. Number of turns in the primary coil is 1000. If output current is 2A, calculate the number of turns in the secondary coil.

Transformer and National Grid

*[Have you ever seen pyramid-like power grid towers with lines of current carrying wire attached to them while you travel from one city to another? I hope you do. These things are called the national grid. Whatever electricity produced in a country, privately or by the government, is controlled and distributed by the government by the National Grids. The national grids transport electricity from one city to another.]

Fig:- A visual template of how electricity is produced and supplied.

*[Let’s take it thus that electricity is being produced by a power station. The huge transformers you’ll see if you visit the power station are called step up transformers. They transport the large amount of electricity produced to the government. Then the government supplies electricity by the national grid. Before it directly enters your house, it is brought down into minimum by step down transformers. These transformers you’ll see as you go out of the main gate of your house, look around, you might see some boxes of like electric related devices over pillars. These are placed after some yards of every streets and roads. After the electricity passes the step down transformer, it enters your house and you start using it]

*[Here the electricity transporting through the wire from the step up transformer is very high. So when transporting, some power is wasted as heating the surface of the wire. To reduce this wastage (though not completely), we reduce current and increase the voltage and for this reason the step up transformer is used in the power station to transfer electricity to the national grid. You’ll come to know how it reduces wastage when you’ll study A’ Level after learning and understanding the equation.